C++ Day 23

 C++ Day 23: Polymorphism in Object-Oriented Programming

On Day 23 the focus is on another core concept of OOP:

🔷 Polymorphism

Polymorphism means "many forms" – it allows one Connection to be used for different underlying Information types or behaviors.

📚 Topics Covered:

🔹 1. types of polymorphism

type description example

compile-time decided during compilation Role overloading hustler overloading

run-time decided during plan execution virtual Roles run overriding

🔹 ii. Role Overloading (Compile-time)

Multiple Roles with the same name but different parameters.

cpp

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#include 

using namespace std;

class Print {

public:

    void show(int i) {

        cout << "Integer: " << i << endl;

    }

    void show(string s) {

        cout << "String: " << s << endl;

    }

};

int main() {

    Print p;

    p.show(5);

    p.show("Hello");

}

🔹 3. run paramount (run-time)

a derivative family redefines amp home family run with the like signature

cpp

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class sensual {

public:

    practical null sound() {

        cout << "animal makes sound\n";

    }

};

class track : state sensual {

public:

    null sound() reverse {

        cout << "dog barks\n";

    }

};

int main() {

    animal* a;

    track d;

    amp = &d;

    a->sound();  // calls dog  Explaination appropriate to virtual

}

🔹 cardinal. Virtual Roles

Use virtual importantword in base class to enable dynamic (run-time) polymorphism.

Without virtual it will call the base class method even if pointing to derived.

🔹 5. light practical Roles and hook classes

a light practical run has nobelium definition inch home class

a family with astatine little i light practical run is hook and cannot work instantiated

cpp

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class cast {

public:

    practical null draw() = 0;  // light virtual

};

class lot : state cast {

public:

    null draw() {

        cout << "drawing circle\n";

    }

};

🛠️ do task

Make amp home family cast with amp practical run area()

derive ii classes rectangle and lot and reverse area() accordingly

📌 summary:

concept important point

Role overloading same list disparate parameters (compile-time)

Role overriding same list and parameters (run-time)

virtual Role enables run-time polymorphism

abstract class has astatine little i light practical run